ALBERT EINSTEIN : A GENIUS
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| Albert Einstein |
Life introduction
Albert Einstein (14 March 1879-18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist best known for his theory of relativity and the mass-energy equation. He was awarded a Nobel Prize in theory, especially for his discovery of photoelectric emission, including the special and general theory of relativity. His mass energy equivalence formula, which arises from relativity theory, has been dubbed " the world's most famous equation". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and specially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect, a pivotal step in the development of the quantum theory. Einstein Contributed to more than 50 research papers and books apart from science. Time magazine declared the centenary year, according to a survey the word considered the greatest scientist of all time is synonymous with intelligent.
Childhood And Education
Albert Einstein was born into a Jewish family in Wurttemberg, Germany. His father, Hermann Einstein, was an engineer and a salesman. His mother was Pauline Einstein. Although Einstein had difficulty in speaking in the beginning, but he was the best in studies. His mother tongue was German and he later moved to the city of Munich, his family not following Jewish religious traditions. Einstein went to Catholic school.
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| Albert Einstein |
In 1893, Albert Einstein attended a Catholic primary school from the age of 5 to 10. He was a top student in primary school. His mother tongue was German, and he later learned Italian and English. Einstein had fun with models and mechanical devices and also started showing talent in Maths. 12-year-old teen taught himself Algebra and Geometry. Einstein also independently discovered his own original proof of the Pythagorean theorem at age 12. He started teaching himself calculus and as a 14-year-old he had mastered integral and differential calculus.
In 1895, at the age of 16, Einstein took the entrance examinations for the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich. At 17, he enrolled in the four-year mathematics and physics teaching diploma program at the Federal polytechnic school.
Academic career
In 1900, Einstein's paper "Conclusions from the Capillarity Phenomena" was published in the journal Annalen der Physik. On 30 April 1905, Einstein completed his thesis, with Alfred Kleiner, Professor of Experimental Physics, serving as pro-forma advisor. As a result, Einstein was awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Zurich, with his dissertation A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions.
Also in 1905, which has been called Einstein's annus mirabilis (amazing year), he published four groundbreaking papers, on the photoelectric effect, Brownian motion, special relativity, and the equivalence of mass and energy, which were to bring him to the notice of the academic world, at the age of 26.
1921–1922: Travels abroad
1930–1931: Travel to the US
1933: Emigration to the US
Death
On 17 April 1955, Einstein experienced internal bleeding caused by the rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which had previously been reinforced surgically by Rudolph Nissen in 1948. He took the draft of a speech he was preparing for a television appearance commemorating the State of Israel's seventh anniversary with him to the hospital, but he did not live to complete it.
Einstein refused surgery, saying, "I want to go when I want. It is tasteless to prolong life artificially. I have done my share; it is time to go. I will do it elegantly." He died in Princeton Hospital early the next morning at the age of 76, having continued to work until near the end.
Born :
14 March 1879
Ulm, Kingdom of Wurttemberg, German Empire
Died :
18 April 1955 (aged 76)
Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.
Citizenship:
The Kingdom of Wurttemberg, part of the German
Empire (1879–1896)
Stateless (1896–1901)
Switzerland (1901–1955)
Austria, part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1911–1912)
The Kingdom of Prussia, part of the German Empire (1914–1918)
Free State of Prussia (the Weimar Republic, 1918–1933)
United States (1940–1955)
Education:
Federal polytechnic school in Zurich (Federal
teaching diploma, 1900)
University of Zurich (Ph.D., 1905)
Known
for:
General relativity
Special relativity
Photoelectric effect
E=mc2 (Mass–energy equivalence)
E=hf (Planck–Einstein relation)
Theory of Brownian motion
Einstein field equations
Bose-Einstein statistics
Bose-Einstein condensate
Gravitational-wave
Cosmological constant
Unified field theory
EPR paradox
Ensemble interpretation
List of other concepts
Spouse(s):
Mileva Maric
(married 1903; divorced 1919)
Elsa Lowenthal
(married 1919; died 1936)
Children:
Lieserl Einstein
Hans Albert Einstein
Eduard "Tete" Einstein
Awards:
Barnard Medal (1920)
Nobel Prize in Physics (1921)
Matteucci Medal (1921)
ForMemRS (1921)
Copley Medal (1925)
Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1926)
Max Planck Medal (1929)
Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1942
Time Person of the Century (1999)
Scientific career:
Fields Physics, philosophy
Institutions:
Swiss Patent Office (Bern) (1902–1909)
University of Bern (1908–1909)
University of Zurich (1909–1911)
Charles University in Prague (1911–1912)
ETH Zurich (1912–1914)
Prussian Academy of Sciences (1914–1933)
Humboldt University of Berlin (1914–1933)
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute (director, 1917–1933)
German Physical Society (president, 1916–1918)
Leiden University (visits, 1920)
Institute for Advanced Study (1933–1955)
Caltech (visits, 1931–1933)
University of Oxford (visits, 1931–1933)
Thesis:
Eine neue Bestimmung der Moleküldimensionen (A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions) (1905)
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